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At the border of life and death is a spreading dark undulation .
Scientists blot it first in rabbits . In aseriesofpaperspublished throughout the forties , Harvard biologist Aristides Leão describe finding a sudden silencing of electric activity in theexposed brainsof his unconscious experimental animals after subjecting them to injuries — applying electrical shocks , poking them with glass pole or cutting off the blood in their artery . The " circularize Great Depression , " as he termed it , begin at the injured spot within 5 minutes of the hurt , before eclipsing more aloof parts of the brain .
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Seven decades subsequently , a paperpublished Feb. 15 in the diary Annals of Neurology uncover just how this process occur in the dying brain cells of humankind . [ 10 Mysteries of the brain ]
To cumulate their data , the researchers set up shop in hospitals in Berlin and Cincinnati . With consent from next of kin and other effectual representatives , they report results from nine patients who died with electrodes plant in their brains , put down how their neurons behaved in their last minute of arc . All of them had survive atmospheric condition that want encroaching neural monitoring , so the electrodes were already in space when Dr. stopped lifetime - preserving care .
The multitude in the field of study had wicked brain injuries : a " 47 - year - old manly occupant of a railcar collide with by train , " a " 57 - year - old male person who was found at the base of a staircase , " and heart attack and stroke dupe . So they in all likelihood had already plump through their first " spreading depression " before the electrodes were applied . This paper discover the last depression before final encephalon death .
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As the body dies, brain cells sputter electrical juice
Like other electronic organ , brains aremade up of flesh , which means they aremade up of cells — neurons , mostly . And neurons trust on delicate chemical residuum to function . The Modern paper , the first to study in contingent in humans the chemical processes Leão discovered in coney , discover a very similar summons forgo final , irreversible end .
Neurons work by filling themselves with institutionalize ions , creating electrical imbalances between themselves and their environment that lease them bring forth the little shock that form their signaling . And maintain that imbalance , the authors wrote , is a perpetual effort — electromagnetic forces jerk on the ions , trying to pass over out the charge imbalance even as the neurons labor to maintain it .
To fire that sweat , those hardworking cells toast greedily from the blood stream , swig O and chemical substance energy . When the organic structure dies , and blood menses to the encephalon stops , oxygen - deprived neurons try out to hoard their remaining resource , the researchers wrote .
send signals back and off is wasteful of those precious last sips of life story . So , as much as possible , the neuron go mum , rather using their remaining energy stock to maintain their inner charges , waiting for the return of a profligate flow that will never fall .
To researcher observing with electrode , this first undulation of dark does n’t seem to disperse . Instead , they pen , it happens everywhere at once , as neurons all over the encephalon react to the sudden drought . The net , spread moving ridge add up minutes later , as cell run out of their limited chemical substance store , and their stored ions percolate into the surrounding tissue paper — and millions of batteries all of a sudden drop off their charge .
This marks , for dying patients , the final moment of brain use , the source write . But they cautioned that it ’s an imperfect marker of true death . Previousresearch in animalshas shown that if blood line and oxygen yield speedily enough to the brain after the spreading wave , the neuron can return to life and go back their chemical substance charge . Only after sit in their depolarized chemical substance soup for a few minutes after the spreading wave , it seems , do neuron attain a middling vague " consignment point in time " beyond which there is no getting even .
Originally put out onLive skill .
