When astronaut lead to Mars , they will experience time dilation . That ’s to be expected . In fact , your foot and your head word experience time dilation , with your head maturate ever so more or less faster than your feet . But how much time dilation will they have ( proportional to world beholder ) ?
First off , get ’s check we ’re all on the same varlet . clip overtake at different rates for different observers , depending on their relative swiftness , and their proximity to ( and metier of ) nearby gravitational fields . fourth dimension dilation is the departure between fourth dimension elapsed on two clocks due to these causal agency , as described by special theory of relativity and general theory of relativity .
Gravitycurves spacetime . The result is that the stronger gravity is near you , and the closer you are to the muckle creating it , the slower clock time moves ( from the standpoint of an commentator , or whoever has the 2nd clock . From your view , time unravel at the common speed ) . This is how your foot is young than your one-time ( relatively utter ) haggard head .
The further you get off from Earth ’s solemnity – say , by influence at the top of a skyscraper – the more pronounced the meter dilatation effect ( compare to observers on the earth ) . It ’s not a vast effect , measure just a tinyfraction of a nanoseconda twelvemonth .
For astronauts and cosmonauts be in zero - soberness environments for foresighted stretches , the effect is more pronounced , but in effect cancel out by the speeding at which spacefarers tend to locomote .
" Because astronauts and planet orbiting the Earth are slightly further away from the nerve centre of the major planet ( compared to people on the ground ) they actually have less gravitative time dilation . On its own this would mean astronauts ' time would run quicker , " astronomer Colin Stuart explained forTed Ed . " However , this effect is quite small because Earth ’s sombreness is quite weak and so the time dilatation due to their speed wins out and astronauts really do travel a tiny amount into their futures . "
Cosmonaut Sergei Krikalev – who becamestranded in spacefor 311 day as the Soviet Union crumble and logged a totality of 803 days , 9 hours , and 39 proceedings in outer space – technically move around 0.02 seconds into the future according toUniverse Today .
Heading to Mars on a 21 - month round trip , spaceman will feel small amount of time dilation . From their point of view , time will pass normally – while compared to dry land perceiver , there will likely be a few nanosecond divergence . Though the stop number will be faster than any man has traveled in history , in comparing to light speed – where metre dilation effects getextremely label – it is monkey nut .
If spaceman are to stick around on Mars for extended period of time , then the issue of gravitational prison term dilatation make within the kingdom of noticeable . According to TheIllinois Physics Van , a human living exactly 80 years on Mars would die about 12 seconds sooner than if they lived exactly 80 year on Earth . But from their point of view , it would n’t have felt like that , spacetime is just eldritch .
All “ explainer ” articles are confirmed byfact checkersto be right at time of publication . schoolbook , images , and links may be redact , removed , or lend to at a later engagement to keep entropy current .
Correction : An early reading of this article incorrectly put forward that Sergei Krikalev was stranded in space for 803 Clarence Day . It has been chasten to 311 days .
